Lighting is an important part of air pollution control. It affects the environment by providing an artificial source of light when the natural daylight hours are too short. Lighting also helps in protecting human health and the environment by reducing night-time glare, limiting the number of street lights needed, reducing the emission and peak demand of electricity and minimizing light pollution. Lighting plays a key role in making cities and metropolitan areas more liveable and attractive, as well as contributing significantly to people's psychological wellbeing. Good lighting, for example, can create a safer environment in areas with higher crime rates. It can also increase pedestrian safety by making it easier to cross streets. Another important benefit of lighting is a decrease in energy consumption, both from a reduction in lighting demand and an increase in energy efficiency. LED lighting technology has made great advances in the last few years, enabling energy savings of up to 50%. Lighting designs that take account of human behaviour and the need for light in certain areas of a city can further reduce energy use. Light pollution, caused by excessive amounts of artificial light at night, has a detrimental effect on the human body. Poorly designed lighting systems can lead to glare, sky glow and light trespass, which disrupt sleep cycles, disorient migrating birds and interfere with the natural cycles of animals. The adverse effects of light pollution also include interference with astronomical observation, or the visual changes that occur when too much artificial light is present in the environment. In conclusion, lighting plays an important role in both the environment and the wellbeing of humans. Its responsible use can ensure a safe and secure environment, while its careless use can result in an increase in energy consumption and light pollution. Therefore, understanding the impact of lighting and its management should be taken into consideration when planning any kind of lighting fixture.