Lighting，also known as illumination, is the deliberate use of light to achieve a practical or aesthetic effect. Lighting includes the use of both artificial light sources like lamps and light fixtures, as well as natural illumination by capturing daylight. Daylighting is often used as the main source of light during daytime in buildings. This can save energy in place of using artificial lighting, which represents a major component of energy consumption in buildings. In recent years, lighting technologies have become increasingly sophisticated and efficient. LEDs are increasingly used in both lighting appliances as well as illumination systems. LEDs are up to 90% more efficient than traditional incandescent bulbs, and offer reduced electricity consumption, less heat production, and longer lifespans. Additionally, LEDs offer controlled light distribution, improved dimming capabilities, and much faster turn-on times. Lighting is an important factor in the design of any building. Proper lighting can greatly affect the mood and atmosphere of a space, as well as its overall aesthetic. As a result, designers and architects pay special attention to the aesthetics of lighting fixtures and the best type of lights to use for a given space. Proper lighting techniques can also be used to improve visibility, safety, security, and energy efficiency. For example, dimmable lights in an office can be used to reduce electricity consumption. Motion-controlled lights in a hallway can be used to improve security. In conclusion, lighting is an important element of interior design and architecture. It can greatly affect the aesthetics and atmosphere of a space, as well as improve visibility, safety, and energy efficiency. Lighting technologies have become increasingly sophisticated and efficient, with LEDs being the top choice for many applications.